Visual DAQ DaqPlaner - Planar Data Analysis

SpreadSheet - Formula Calculation

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Formulas are the basic building blocks for analyzing and calculating worksheet data. A formula is a string containing numbers, operators, worksheet functions, cell references, and names. A formula can contain as many as 1024 characters.








1. Formula Bar


(Figure 1 : Formula Bar)




2. Common Formula Functions


Following are the most commonly used formula functions:


Category

Common Functions

Statistical

AVERAGE, SUM, STDEV, COUNT, COUNTIF, MAX, MIN

Mathematical

MOD, CEILING, FLOOR, EXP, FACT, LOG, LOG10, SQRT, TRUNC, ROUND

Text

ASC, CONCATENATE, LEFT, LEN, FIND, LOWER, UPPER, MATCH, MID, REPLACE

Trigonometric

COS, COSH, ACOS, ACOSH etc.

Logical

AND, OR, NOT

Date & Time

DATE, DATEVALUE, DAY, DAYS360, MONTH, YEAR, HOUR, MINUTE, TIME, TIMEVALUE, TODAY, NOW




3. Formula Operators


Arithmetic

Operator

Meaning

+

Addition

-

Subtraction

/

Division

*

Multiplication

%

Percentage

^

Exponentiation

Text Comparison

Operator

Meaning

&

Concatenation

=

Equal to

>

Greater than

<

Less than

>=

Greater than or equal to

<=

Less than or equal to

<>

Not equal to

Reference

Operator

Meaning

:, .., .

Range - produces a reference that includes all the cells between the two references (e.g., A1:A5 includes cells A1 and A5 and all cells in between).

,

Union - produces one reference that includes the two references (e.g., A1:A10,C1:C10).




4. Formula Operator Precedence


The following table lists the order of precedence for formula operators.

Operator

Description

( )

Parentheses

:, .., .

Range

,

Union

-

Negation (single operand)

%

Percentage

^

Exponentiation

* and /

Multiplication and Division

+ and -        

Addition and Subtraction

&

Text concatenation

= < > <= >= <>

Comparison

Operators of like precedence are evaluated left to right. Parentheses should be used when it is necessary to change the order of evaluation. The following example illustrates how the result of a formula can be altered by adding parentheses to change the order of precedence.


Formula

Result

1+2*37        75

7551

(1+2)*37

111

As illustrated in the previous table, the multiplication operator (*) has higher precedence than the addition operator (+). It is evaluated first unless parentheses are used to force the addition to take place first.